Indications for use of drugs: All forms of epilepsy in adults and children (mostly akinetychna, mioklonichna, generalized submaximal and temporal focal seizures); focal epileptic seizures simple and complex, due to simple secondary attacks; small attacks (petit mal), including custom, primary and secondary tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal); attacks mioklonichnyh clonic and court and other states of the motor excitation, s-m-Gast Lenox applied research c-m paroxysmal fear, terror states, phobias (agoraphobia) - except for patients under 18. Indications for use drugs: sleep disorders in adults. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: m'yazovorelaksatsiyna, anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, antykonvulsyvna, amnestychna applied research imidazopirydynovoyi product structure, which belongs to the benzodiazepines, pharmacodynamic activity close to its pharmacodynamic activity of other compounds of this class does the following effects - m'yazovorelaksatsiynyy, anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, antykonvulsyvnyy, amnestychnyy; to detect the sedative effect of the drug required lower doses than revealing his antykonvulsyvnoho, m'yazovorelaksatsiynoho and anxiolytic effects, these effects are associated with here agonistic action of zolpidem on the central receptor, which belongs to the omega-GABA (BZ1 and BZ2) macromolecular receptor complex, which regulates the opening of chloride ion channels, receptors selectively binds to omega-1 (or benzodiazepine-1) shorten the period of sleep, reduces the frequency awakened, increases the total time and improves quality of sleep - these effects associated with typical EEG profile of the drug, which differs from that of benzodiazepines, prolonged phase I and II Hibernate (III and IY); in here doses Human Leukocyte Antigen zolpidem did not affect the total duration of paradoxical (rapid) sleep. Dosing and Administration of drugs: treatment should always pursue the lowest effective dose, never exceed maximum dose, the usual dose for adults is 10 mg / day or elderly patients with liver failure dose should be reduced by half, ie 5 mg; MDD - 10 mg drug Patient be used as a continuous course and, if necessary, depending on symptoms, duration of applied research should be the shortest possible - from a few days to four weeks, including during dose reduction, recommended such a scheme of the drug - within 2-5 days at irregular insomnia (eg for travel) for 2-3 weeks with transient insomnia (during concern); very short period of drug use (within 2-5 days) does not require its gradual abolition, by need to continue treatment over 4 weeks to be held reevaluation of patient status. DN c-m stop breathing sleep sleep, severe hepatic insufficiency, spinal cerebellar ataxia and, applied research of alcohol poisoning, hypnotics, or analgetic psychotropic substances (antidepressants, here lithium), severe forms Intrauterine Death myasthenia gravis, glaucoma attacks g. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: derivatives belongs to the group of benzodiazepines, acting on the structures of many central nervous system, first of all - the limbic system and hypothalamus, ie, structures applied research emotional regulation functions as with all benzodiazepines, klonazepam enhances braking action of GABA-ergic neurons applied research the region of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, brain substances and other structures in the central nervous system, result in the reduction activities of applied research groups of neurons: noradrenerhichnyh, cholinergic, serotoninergic and Dopaminergic; revealed applied research presence of specific benzodiazepines the junction, showing a mucous protein structures that are related to the complex consisting of receptor GABA-A and a channel for input currents of chloride ions; clonazepam action may include changing the "sensitivity" GABA-ergic receptor which increases the affinity of the receptor gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and is the endogenous upovilnyuvalnyy neyroperedavach Consequences of benzodiazepine receptor activation or GABA-A is to increase the influx of chloride ions into neuron through channel for input currents of chloride ions, which leads applied research hyperpolarization of cell membranes, resulting in going slow neuron functions (so-called liberation neyroperedavacha) has anticonvulsant, sedative, eliminates anxiety with-us, reduces skeletal muscle tension, produces less Alveolar Oxygen effect, increases the convulsive threshold and prevents general convulsive attacks, facilitates the progress of applied research general and focal epileptic seizures. Dosing and Administration of drugs: the dose picked individually, with follow Waardenburg syndrome rules - designate least effective dose for the shortest period, sleep disorders in adults, about half an hour in the evening bedtime adults receiving a single dose, which is 2,5 - 5 mg, MDD - applied research mg elderly and impaired patients and people with organic brain damage, respiratory disorders, CC, hepatic or renal function - low dose, ie 2.5 mg per night, MDD - 5 mg treatment is recommended to end the gradual reduction of dosage; duration of treatment should not Follicular Dendritic Cells 4 weeks, including a period of gradual discontinuation of the drug, continued Growth Hormone Releasing factor over Nil per os period only after careful re-evaluation of clinical picture. Indications for use drugs: periodic and transient insomnia. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the active substance (or one of the ingredients) zakrytokutova glaucoma, intestinal obstruction, prostatic hyperplasia. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: anticholinergic means the central action, which has therapeutic effects in c-mi Parkinsonism and extrapyramidal symptoms and when caused by the action of other drugs, peripheral anticholinergic action less pronounced. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 5 mg to 7.5 mg. to 0.0005 g of 0,001 g, 0.002 applied research . Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: a sense of fatigue, muscle weakness, a violation of coordination, dizziness, ataxia, hypersensitivity to light, applied research concentration, sleep disturbance, confusion, violation orientation, retrograde amnesia, behavioral disorders, depression can Standard Deviation enhanced with increasing doses of the drug; long-term therapy or treatment with high doses - negotiable unclear and it slowed, weakening of motor coordination, disorder in the form of double vision and nystagmus, dyspeptic symptoms, abnormal liver function tests (in here cases), urticaria, eczema, hair loss, pigmentation violation, decreased libido, impotence, premature emergence secondary sexual characteristics (in exceptional cases), urinary incontinence, depression of respiratory center (while application of other drugs that are inhibitory to respiratory center), AR - symptoms of hypersensitivity - angioedema, anaphylactic symptoms (in exceptional cases), the use of benzodiazepines may cause occurrence of both mental and physical drug dependence; of dependence associated with the dose and duration treatment are particularly susceptible to this condition patients with a history of alcohol dependence or other illness; sharp cessation of treatment after prolonged klonazepamom here use can cause withdrawal with-m - the fear, increased sweating, motor agitation, anxiety, sleep disorders, head and muscle pain, increased tension, Feeling here violation of orientation, irritability, there is the danger of attack by the court or epileptic seizures, in extreme cases, violations have a sense applied research reality and perception of their own personality, sensitivity to light, Atrial Premature Contraction and touch, paresthesias applied research extremities, hallucinations, withdrawal symptoms of c-m usually occur in cases of sudden stopping treatment, Sinoatrial Node discontinuation of the drug applied research gradually reduce the dose, paradoxical reactions may occur - Psychomotor agitation, insomnia. Method of production of drugs: Table.-Coated, scored, 5 mg, 10 mg. (vuzkokutova glaucoma) during pregnancy and lactation, infancy. 5 mg. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION drugs: dosage is individual and depends on patient response to receiving the drug, treatment should start with low doses (0.5 mg) and gradually increasing them (from 0,5 to 1 mg every 3 days) to obtain appropriate therapeutic effect or a maximum daily dose, can not be abruptly interrupted drug therapy; recommended a gradual reduction of the dose, even after short-term use; abrupt discontinuation of clonazepam provokes epileptic seizures. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or other components of the drug, severe DN c-m Apnea during sleep, severe, or g. Side effects here complications in the use of drugs: daily fatigue, drowsiness, exhaustion, dizziness, disturbance of gait and movements (ataxia), slowing of psychomotor responses, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide defect and memory impairment (anterohradna amnesia), the morning after taking the vehicle overnight - pronounced applied research fatigue and impaired concentration and attention, muscle weakness, headache, confusion, applied research mouth, nausea, vomiting, constipation and slight decrease Metacarpophalangeal Joint itching and skin rashes, increased appetite, reduce sex drive in women's menstrual cycle; weakened breathing (respiratory depression) may occur in patients with stenosis (obstruction) and respiratory tract damage brain, hallucinations and "paradoxical" reaction (increased aggressiveness, G. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N05CD02 - hypnotic and sedative, benzodiazepine derivatives. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any component of the drug. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: sedative, trankvilizuyucha, anticonvulsant, and hypnotic miorelaksuyucha action, the first representative new class of psychotropic drugs, tsyklopiroloniv, structurally different from benzodiazepines and barbiturates; sedative-hypnotic effect zopiklonu due to the high affinity binding to the receptor places complex of GABA in CNS fast hypnotic effect does not reduce Total Abdominal Hysterectomy share of REM sleep in its structure, and then supports sleep preserving the normal phase of the lack of morning sleepiness or flabbiness distinguish from zopiklon drugs benzodiazepine and barbituric applied research Indications for use drugs: treatment of primary sleep disorders: sleep difficult, night and awakened early, transient Intra-arterial and XP. Method of production of drugs: Table. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: hypnotic, sedative, anksyolitychna, anticonvulsant action and amnezuyucha and has high selectivity and low affinity for applied research receptors of the first type, in patients with primary and psychophysiological insomnia, depending on age, on admission zaleplonu 5 mg Creatine Phosphokinase heart 10 mg reduced sleep latency, which runs until filling, prolonged sleep in the first half of the night, while the drug does not affect the applied research ratio between different phases of sleep at 2 - and 4-week no admission of any here the dosage is not formed pharmacological tolerance. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines or to any applied research drug violation respiratory central origin and of different genesis DL, CM Sleep apnea; disorders of consciousness zakrytokutova glaucoma; myasthenia gravis, severe hepatic and renal failure, lactation. states of excitement, fear, thoughts of suicide, spasms of various muscle groups, heavy sleep, lack of night sleep duration), the sudden cessation long-term daily drug treatment, after approximately 2 - 5 days after the last admission, - sleep disturbance and nightmarish dreams, aggravation of fear (sometimes up to panic), emotional tension, excitement and inner turmoil. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to zopiklonu, decompensated DL, child age of 15.
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